With a growing number of African countries being significantly affected by prolonged severe droughts and water scarcity, rising sea levels affecting coastal areas, changing rainfall patterns affecting agriculture and reducing food security, severe floods affecting people’s livelihood, amplified by community structural and gender inequalities, health pandemics like Covid -19, social disparities and exclusion, environmental impacts, conflict, fragility, ecosystem destruction, land degradation; climate change and variability is now recognized as the major challenge of this century for humanity.